Shammai was a early Jewish religious leader, born around 50 BC. He was a contemporary of Hillel, another Jewish sage, and together these two schools (the House of Hillel (Beit Hillel) and the House of Shammai (Beit Shammai) had vigorous debates on matters of ritual practice, ethics, and theology which were critical for the shaping of the Oral Law and Judaism as it is today.
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