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To avoid offending the Pharisees, Jesus pays the temple tax (with a coin from a fish's mouth) but offers a subtle lesson in hypocrisy (Matthew 17:24 - 17:27). - Bible Blender
When the temple tax collectors approach the disciples about paying the temple tax, Jesus points out the hypocrisy of the temple tax. The tax was collected from all citizens – but the children of the temple leaders were exempt. But even though the son of God should be exempt from taxes on his own house, he shows his respect for their authority by paying the tax and avoiding causing a commotion.